The record penalty under the DMA comprises a €460m fine for “self-preferencing” Google’s own services in search results and a further €430m for preventing developers from directing users to cheaper offers outside the Play Store.

Google has been given 60 days to comply with the Commission’s orders or face additional daily fines.

The Commission said Google unfairly promoted its own shopping, travel, sports, games and translation services over rivals in search results, citing its promotion of the Snake game as one example. It also found the company prevented Play Store developers from steering customers to alternative purchasing options, while charging fees that exceeded what is permitted under EU law.

Teresa Ribera, the Commission’s executive vice-president for competition, said: “The best products should succeed because they’re better, not because they’re owned by the company running the search engine.

“European consumers have a right to be told by app developers where to sign up to the best offers, even when the app store owner does not get a cut.”

Henna Virkkunen, the Commission’s executive vice-president for tech sovereignty, said Google “harms businesses offering similar services, such as shopping or sports, by not granting them the same level of prominence on Google Search”.

“Today’s decisions send a clear message: We will not hesitate to use our tools to safeguard business and innovation opportunities,” she added.

Kent Walker, president of global affairs at Alphabet and Google, criticised the decision, saying the Commission “continues to break everyday products” with its rules.

“This isn’t fair competition; it’s product degradation driven by a small group of self-serving complainants, with European businesses and consumers taking the hit. Regulation should improve products, not make them worse,” he said.

The ruling comes a day before the US is expected to announce a new round of tariffs, and is likely to increase tensions between Brussels and Washington over the regulation of major American technology companies.